Protective Relay Reference

Sources

Last reviewed 2026-10-26

About this list

This page lists every document the site cites: standards, statutes, regulations, publisher catalog pages and government works. Each entry gives the designation, title, edition and publisher, how the site holds the document, the month a purchased copy was acquired, and the pages that cite it.

A purchased standard is held under the publisher's license, bought from its publisher or an authorized seller. Its text is read to extract facts and is never reproduced on the site. Links point to the publisher's official catalog or sales page, never to a copy of the document.

Bibliography

Sources by classLicensed standard: 7; Government work: 1; Own observation: 1Licensed standard7Government work1Own observation1
Sources by class. How each cited document is held: licensed standards are purchased single-user copies; catalog, agency and government pages are public.
Sources by class: sources per row.
CategoryCount
Licensed standard7
Government work1
Own observation1
Every source cited by a published entry, with how the site holds it and the entries that cite it.
DesignationTitleEditionPublisherHeld asCited by
ANSI/NETA ATS-2025
Publisher page		Acceptance Testing Specifications for Electrical Power Equipment and Systems2025NETAPurchased single-user copy
Purchased 2026-06		Bolted connection resistance, Control and functional verification, Ground fault protection performance, Insulation resistance, Polarity test, Protective Relay Element Tests, Relay Time-Delay Timing Test, Relay 21 Distance Test, Relay Volts per Hertz Test, Relay 25 Sync Check Test, Relay 27 Undervoltage Test, Relay 32 Directional Power Test, Relay 40 Loss of Field Test, Relay 46 Current Balance Test, Relay 46n Negative Sequence Test, Relay 47 Phase Sequence Test, Relay 49r Thermal Replica Test, Relay 49t Temperature Test, Relay 50 Instantaneous Overcurrent Test, Relay 50bf Breaker Failure Test, Relay 51 Time Overcurrent Test, Relay 55 Power Factor Test, Relay 59 Overvoltage Test, Relay 60 Voltage Balance Test, Relay 63 Sudden Pressure Test, Relay 64 Ground Detector Test, Relay 67 Directional Overcurrent Test, Relay 79 Reclosing Test, Relay 81 Frequency Test, Relay 85 Pilot Wire Monitor Test, Relay 87 Differential Test, Scada and communication verification, Visual and mechanical inspection, Zone selective interlocking
ANSI/NETA MTS-2023
Publisher page		Maintenance Testing Specifications for Electrical Power Equipment and Systems2023NETAPurchased single-user copy
Purchased 2026-06		Bolted connection resistance, Control and functional verification, Ground fault protection performance, Insulation resistance, Polarity test, Protective Relay Element Tests, Relay Time-Delay Timing Test, Relay 21 Distance Test, Relay Volts per Hertz Test, Relay 25 Sync Check Test, Relay 27 Undervoltage Test, Relay 32 Directional Power Test, Relay 40 Loss of Field Test, Relay 46 Current Balance Test, Relay 46n Negative Sequence Test, Relay 47 Phase Sequence Test, Relay 49r Thermal Replica Test, Relay 49t Temperature Test, Relay 50 Instantaneous Overcurrent Test, Relay 50bf Breaker Failure Test, Relay 51 Time Overcurrent Test, Relay 55 Power Factor Test, Relay 59 Overvoltage Test, Relay 60 Voltage Balance Test, Relay 63 Sudden Pressure Test, Relay 64 Ground Detector Test, Relay 67 Directional Overcurrent Test, Relay 79 Reclosing Test, Relay 81 Frequency Test, Relay 85 Pilot Wire Monitor Test, Relay 87 Differential Test, Scada and communication verification, Visual and mechanical inspection, Zone selective interlocking
Electrical Testing Reference editorial taxonomyElectrical Testing Reference editorial taxonomy of test methods2026-10Electrical Testing ReferenceOwn observationProtective Relay Element Tests, Relay Time-Delay Timing Test, Relay 21 Distance Test, Relay Volts per Hertz Test, Relay 25 Sync Check Test, Relay 27 Undervoltage Test, Relay 32 Directional Power Test, Relay 40 Loss of Field Test, Relay 46 Current Balance Test, Relay 46n Negative Sequence Test, Relay 47 Phase Sequence Test, Relay 49r Thermal Replica Test, Relay 49t Temperature Test, Relay 50 Instantaneous Overcurrent Test, Relay 50bf Breaker Failure Test, Relay 51 Time Overcurrent Test, Relay 55 Power Factor Test, Relay 59 Overvoltage Test, Relay 60 Voltage Balance Test, Relay 63 Sudden Pressure Test, Relay 64 Ground Detector Test, Relay 67 Directional Overcurrent Test, Relay 79 Reclosing Test, Relay 81 Frequency Test, Relay 85 Pilot Wire Monitor Test, Relay 87 Differential Test
FAA AC 150/5345-10H
Publisher page		AC 150/5345-10HHFederal Aviation AdministrationGovernment workProtective Relay Element Tests
IEEE 1547-2018Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces2018IEEENot recorded
Purchased 2026-10		Relay 25 Sync Check Test, Relay 27 Undervoltage Test, Relay 59 Overvoltage Test, Relay 81 Frequency Test
IEEE 1547.1-2020Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting Distributed Energy Resources2020IEEENot recorded
Purchased 2026-10		Protective Relay Element Tests, Relay 27 Undervoltage Test, Relay 59 Overvoltage Test, Relay 81 Frequency Test
IEEE 2800-2022Interconnection and Interoperability of Inverter-Based Resources with Transmission Systems2022IEEEPurchased single-user copy
Purchased 2026-10		Relay 27 Undervoltage Test, Relay 59 Overvoltage Test, Relay 81 Frequency Test
IEEE 946-2020
Publisher page		Design of DC Auxiliary Power Systems for Generating Stations2020IEEEPurchased single-user copy
Purchased 2026-10		Protective Relay Element Tests
IEEE C37.112-2018IEEE Standard for Inverse-Time Characteristics Equations for Overcurrent Relays2018IEEEPurchased single-user copy
Purchased 2026-10		IEEE Standard for Inverse-Time Characteristics Equations for Overcurrent Relays, Relay 51 Time Overcurrent Test